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Eyes in the Sky: ISRO’s AI Satellite Forecasts Wheat Yields Before Harvest Begins

Updated: July 20, 2025 16:25

Image Source : The Hans India
 
India’s wheat fields are now under the watchful gaze of space, as ISRO’s AI-powered satellite system begins predicting crop yields before harvest season kicks off. The move marks a major leap in agricultural planning and food security.
 
How It Works
 
•⁠  ⁠ISRO’s National Remote Sensing Centre has developed a semi-automated framework called CROP (Comprehensive Remote Sensing Observation on Crop Progress)
 
•⁠  ⁠The system uses multi-source satellite data—including optical and synthetic aperture radar—from EOS-04, EOS-06, and Resourcesat-2A
 
•⁠  ⁠It monitors sowing progress, crop health, and drought stress across eight major wheat-growing states: Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Punjab, Haryana, Bihar, Gujarat, and Maharashtra
 
Real-Time Insights and Yield Forecasts
 
•⁠  ⁠As of March 31, 2025, satellite data shows 330.8 lakh hectares of wheat sown, closely matching government estimates
 
•⁠  ⁠Crop conditions remained stable through January, with heat stress concerns in February offset by favorable weather in March
 
•⁠  ⁠Using a 5 km × 5 km spatial resolution model, ISRO estimates total wheat production at 122.7 million tonnes for the 2024–25 Rabi season
 
Why It Matters
 
•⁠  ⁠The system offers near-instant updates compared to traditional manual surveys
 
•⁠  ⁠It helps policymakers anticipate shortages, manage exports, and stabilize prices
 
•⁠  ⁠Farmers benefit from early warnings on drought, soil health, and crop stress
 
Looking Ahead
 
•⁠  ⁠The framework is a proof-of-concept for scalable, real-time crop monitoring
 
•⁠  ⁠Further refinements could make it a cornerstone of India’s agricultural strategy
 
Sources: Times of India, The Hindu, ISRO, IAS Gyan, Next IAS.

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