India’s Food Safety System At Crossroads Amid Rising Consumer Concerns

India’s food safety ecosystem is witnessing a major enforcement push. While FSSAI sets national standards, state food safety authorities are driving inspections, recalls, and penalties. This dual responsibility has sparked debate over whether enforcement is sufficiently coordinated to protect consumers.

FSSAI’s Regulatory Role

Established under the Food Safety and Standards Act, 2006, FSSAI is responsible for framing regulations, licensing food businesses, and setting safety benchmarks. Recent amendments introduced perpetual validity of licenses, risk-based inspections, and streamlined registration for street vendors, aiming to strengthen compliance nationwide.

State-Led Enforcement Drive

In FY25–26, state authorities conducted nearly 3,97,000 inspections, issued 945 recalls, and levied penalties worth ₹154.87 crore. Over 10 lakh street vendors were formalized under regulatory oversight, reflecting the growing role of states in ensuring food safety at the grassroots level.

Challenges And Preparedness

Despite progress, enforcement gaps remain. The Iran war and supply chain disruptions have highlighted vulnerabilities in India’s food preparedness. Experts argue that stronger coordination between FSSAI and states, along with investment in testing infrastructure, is critical to safeguard public health.

Key Highlights

• FSSAI sets national food safety standards and licensing norms
• States drive enforcement through inspections, recalls, and penalties
• FY25–26 saw 3,97,009 inspections and ₹154.87 crore in fines
• Over 10 lakh street vendors brought under regulation
• Debate continues over accountability and preparedness in food safety

Sources: CNBCTV18, FSSAI Notifications, Asianet Newsable