Key Highlights and Context
India’s federal government is preparing to roll out its most ambitious Goods and Services Tax restructuring since the 2017 launch. Citing unnamed official sources on August 15, 2025, the Centre has sent proposals to the GST Council which, if accepted, could dramatically simplify the tax landscape, reduce compliance loads, and foster growth in job-intensive and consumer-facing sectors.
Revamp Proposal: Two Main Rates Replace Four-Tier Structure
The reimagined GST regime aims to do away with the current 5%, 12%, 18%, and 28% tax rates.
In their place, authorities propose a simplified two-slab system: a low rate of 5% for mass consumption and essential goods, and a standard rate of 18% for most other goods and services.
Almost all items currently taxed at the 12% slab are expected to move to the 5% rate, offering immediate relief to everyday consumers and several industries.
About 90% of goods and services now under the 28% tax bracket are set to be reclassified under the 18% category.
The government plans a highly targeted 40% GST rate on just five to seven luxury or sin goods, including tobacco and similar items.
Special Incentives for Employment-Driven Industries
In a move to tackle unemployment, the Centre is proposing a nominal, special GST rate of around 0.1% for job-intensive sectors such as textiles, footwear, and possibly select segments of agriculture and food processing.
A sharp reduction from the previous system, this incentive is designed to boost competitiveness and labor absorption, with the goal of making Indian goods more appealing globally and stimulating domestic employment.
Tax Breaks for Key Consumer and Construction Sectors
The revamped system plans to reduce GST on nearly all items that currently attract a 12% tax, which will now be liable at only 5%.
A significant standout is the reduction in GST for cement—vital for housing, infrastructure, and the construction sector—from the current 28% down to 18%. This could reduce costs throughout the real estate and construction value chain, making homes and industrial projects more affordable.
Luxury and Sin Goods Remain Highly Taxed
Only about five to seven luxury and “sin” goods—including tobacco—will fall under a proposed 40% GST bracket, which replaces the existing 28% slab for such products plus applicable cess.
This move focuses on maintaining high taxes on goods with negative social or health impacts, limiting the revenue shortfall from other categories.
GST Council to Decide: Next Steps and Timing
All proposals are set for detailed debate and possible approval in the upcoming GST Council meeting, expected between September and October 2025.
Central officials emphasize that the reforms seek to balance revenue requirements with the urgent need to invigorate consumption, spur job creation, and ease the tax burden on common citizens.
Potential Impact on Economy and Businesses
Lowering overall GST rates is expected to widen the tax base, reduce evasion, and increase overall compliance due to easier structures and clearer slab definitions.
Consumer sentiment is likely to improve, with lower taxes on household essentials, electronics, and daily-use products feeding directly into disposable incomes.
India’s manufacturing, construction, textiles, and MSME sectors stand to benefit the most, as tax relief could spur both domestic demand and export competitiveness.
Conclusion
This seismic revamp of India’s GST system could mark a new era of transparency, growth, and economic inclusion, putting the spotlight back on consumers, small businesses, and job creation as the country seeks to sustain its robust economic momentum.
Sources: Times of India, Hindustan Times, Economic Times, National Herald, India Today, Moneycontrol
