In a landmark regulatory shift, the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) has approved sweeping reforms to the Alternative Investment Fund (AIF) framework, granting investors greater flexibility to co-invest in unlisted companies alongside fund managers. The move is expected to streamline capital deployment, reduce compliance burdens, and attract more sophisticated capital into India’s burgeoning private markets.
Key Highlights of the Regulatory Overhaul
- SEBI now permits Category I and II AIFs to offer co-investment opportunities directly within the AIF structure through a new Co-Investment Vehicle (CIV) model
- Each CIV will be a separate scheme under the AIF umbrella, linked to a specific investee company and restricted to accredited investors
- CIVs must maintain distinct bank accounts, demat accounts, and PANs, and will be governed by shelf Private Placement Memorandums (PPMs) filed with SEBI
- The regulator has also lifted the ban on AIF managers providing advisory services on listed securities in co-investment contexts
Structural and Operational Reforms
- Previously, co-investments had to be routed through Portfolio Management Services (PMS), creating dual compliance and operational inefficiencies
- The new CIV model eliminates the need for separate PMS registration, allowing investors to co-invest under the same legal and regulatory framework as the AIF
- CIVs will follow the same exit timelines as the main AIF scheme, ensuring alignment and orderly unwinding of positions
- Implementation standards will be enforced by the AIF industry’s Standard Setting Forum to prevent misuse and ensure bona fide investment activity
Investor and Market Implications
- High-net-worth individuals, family offices, and institutional investors can now take larger, conviction-driven positions in specific deals without setting up parallel structures
- The reforms are expected to deepen capital flows into sectors like infrastructure, manufacturing, consumer tech, and early-stage ventures
- Fund managers gain access to additional capital pools, enabling them to pursue differentiated opportunities and scale investments more efficiently
- The AIF industry, which has grown at 33 percent annually and manages over USD 155 billion in assets, is poised for further institutionalisation and global competitiveness
Broader Regulatory Context
- SEBI’s decision follows extensive industry consultation and aligns with its broader agenda to modernise India’s capital markets
- Additional reforms approved in the same board meeting include relaxed norms for angel funds, streamlined IPO exit rules for PE/VC investors, and equity classification for InvITs and REITs
- The regulator has signalled a shift toward principle-based, lighter-touch regulation for qualified participants, enhancing transparency and operational ease
Future Outlook
SEBI’s co-investment reforms mark a pivotal moment for India’s alternative investment landscape. By enabling seamless, in-structure co-investments and expanding advisory rights, the regulator has addressed long-standing industry bottlenecks. As CIVs become operational, the AIF ecosystem is expected to attract deeper domestic and global capital, reinforcing India’s position as a premier destination for private market investments.
Sources: Moneycontrol, CNBC-TV18, BusinessWorld, The Hindu Business Line, VCCircle, Economic Times
