UK inflation data showed Consumer Price Index (CPI) rising 3.4% year-on-year in December, slightly above the Reuters poll forecast of 3.3%. Services inflation remained elevated at 4.5%, while core CPI excluding energy, food, alcohol, and tobacco stood at 3.2%, signaling persistent price pressures.
The UK’s inflation picture for December 2025 has revealed a mixed but steady trend, with headline and core measures showing resilience despite expectations of moderation. According to official data released on 21 January 2026, the Consumer Price Index (CPI) rose 3.4% year-on-year, marginally above the Reuters poll forecast of 3.3%. On a monthly basis, CPI increased 0.4%, in line with consensus estimates.
Key highlights from the release:
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Headline CPI: Up 3.4% YoY, slightly higher than market expectations, reflecting continued price pressures.
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Services CPI: Rose 4.5% YoY and 0.4% MoM, underscoring persistent inflation in service-related categories such as hospitality and transport.
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Core CPI: Excluding volatile components like energy, food, alcohol, and tobacco, core inflation stood at 3.2% YoY, just below the forecast of 3.3%. On a monthly basis, core CPI rose 0.3%, matching expectations.
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Retail Price Index (RPI): Increased 0.7% MoM and 4.2% YoY, both slightly above poll forecasts of 0.6% and 4.1% respectively.
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RPIX (RPI excluding mortgage interest payments): Registered 0.7% MoM and 4.1% YoY, highlighting broad-based inflationary trends.
The data suggests that while headline inflation is easing compared to the peaks of 2022–23, services inflation remains sticky, posing challenges for the Bank of England’s monetary policy stance. Elevated services costs often reflect wage growth and structural pressures, making them harder to tame through interest rate adjustments alone.
Market analysts note that the slight overshoot in CPI and RPI compared to forecasts could reinforce expectations that the Bank of England will remain cautious about rate cuts in the near term. With inflation still above the central bank’s 2% target, policymakers may prefer to wait for clearer signs of sustained moderation before easing monetary conditions.
For households, the persistence of services inflation means continued strain on budgets, particularly in areas like housing, transport, and leisure. Businesses, meanwhile, face higher input costs, which could weigh on margins and investment decisions.
Overall, December’s inflation data underscores the UK’s gradual but uneven path toward price stability, with headline figures improving but core and services inflation proving more stubborn.
Sources: Reuters, Bloomberg, Financial Times
