In a major diplomatic and economic development, India and China have agreed to resume direct flight connectivity and reopen border trade routes, marking a significant thaw in relations that had been strained since the Galwan Valley clashes in 2020. The announcement was made following Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi’s two-day visit to New Delhi, where he held high-level meetings with Prime Minister Narendra Modi, External Affairs Minister S Jaishankar, and National Security Adviser Ajit Doval.
The decision to restore air links and cross-border commerce comes after years of suspended connectivity due to pandemic-related disruptions and geopolitical tensions. Both countries have committed to finalizing an updated Air Services Agreement and simplifying visa procedures for tourists, business travelers, media personnel, and other visitors.
Key highlights from the bilateral talks
- Direct flights between India and China to resume at the earliest
- Updated Air Services Agreement to be finalized soon
- Visa facilitation for tourists, businesses, media, and visitors agreed upon
- Border trade to reopen through Lipulekh Pass, Shipki La, and Nathu La
- Expert and working groups to be formed for boundary delimitation and peacekeeping
Flight resumption and aviation impact
Direct flights between India and China were suspended in early 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic and remained halted amid diplomatic tensions. The resumption of air connectivity is expected to benefit business travelers, students, and tourists, while also boosting bilateral trade and investment flows.
- Indian and Chinese airlines preparing to relaunch direct routes
- Major cities like New Delhi, Mumbai, Beijing, and Shanghai expected to be connected
- Airlines to reclaim market share lost during the suspension period
- No official timeline announced, but preparations are underway
Border trade revival and regional significance
In addition to air connectivity, both nations have agreed to reopen border trade through three strategic Himalayan passes—Lipulekh in Uttarakhand, Shipki La in Himachal Pradesh, and Nathu La in Sikkim. These routes were historically used for the movement of goods, pilgrims, and local communities, and their reopening is expected to revitalize economic and cultural exchanges.
- Trade routes closed since 2020 due to military standoff
- Reopening to support border communities and small traders
- Pilgrimage routes to Mount Kailash and Lake Manasarovar may resume in 2026
- Local economies in border regions expected to benefit from renewed activity
Diplomatic context and strategic reset
The agreement follows the 24th round of Special Representatives’ dialogue on boundary issues, where both sides discussed de-escalation, delimitation, and broader confidence-building measures. The talks also addressed hydrological data sharing, disaster relief cooperation, and the establishment of new mechanisms for border management.
- Expert group to explore early harvest solutions for boundary delimitation
- Working group to maintain peace and stability in border areas
- General level mechanisms to be extended to eastern and middle sectors
- Dialogue seen as a step toward compartmentalizing disputes and advancing cooperation
Leadership signals and future engagements
Prime Minister Modi emphasized the importance of stable and constructive ties between India and China, noting that such relations contribute to regional and global peace. Wang Yi described the developments as forward-looking and constructive, reflecting a mutual desire to reset bilateral ties. Modi is scheduled to visit China later this month for the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation summit in Tianjin, where further discussions are expected.
- Modi and Wang Yi’s meeting signals diplomatic momentum
- SCO summit may serve as platform for further engagement
- India-China relations viewed through lens of strategic pragmatism
- Both sides committed to enhancing mutual trust and expanding cooperation
Looking ahead
The resumption of direct flights and border trade marks a cautiously optimistic turn in India-China relations. While core boundary disputes remain unresolved, the latest agreements reflect a shared intent to rebuild economic and people-to-people ties. As airlines gear up and border communities prepare for renewed activity, the coming months will test the durability of this diplomatic reset.
Sources: CNBC-TV18, MSN News, The Logical Indian, Telegraph India, NewsOnAir, India Today, BusinessWorld Online, Indian Express.
