India’s COP30 Highlights: Climate Adaptation, Finance, and Just Transition

Updated: November 23, 2025 11:53

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At COP30 in Belém, Brazil, India welcomed key outcomes, especially the establishment of the Just Transition Mechanism that aims to operationalize equity and climate justice globally. India reaffirmed its call for developed countries to fulfill climate finance commitments made at the 1992 Rio Summit as the world advances towards sustainable development.

India expressed strong satisfaction with the major outcomes of the 30th Conference of Parties (COP30) to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), held in Belém, Brazil. This milestone event marked 33 years since the 1992 Rio Earth Summit, which laid the groundwork for global climate governance and commitments under the UNFCCC.

Just Transition and Climate Justice

A highlight of COP30 has been the establishment of the Just Transition Mechanism, which India welcomed as a significant milestone. This mechanism is designed to ensure a fair, equitable shift toward low-carbon economies, facilitating climate justice at both global and national levels. India emphasized that equity and the principle of Common But Differentiated Responsibilities and Respective Capabilities (CBDR-RC) must remain cornerstones in climate action.

Climate Finance and Adaptation Needs

India reaffirmed its persistent call for developed countries to deliver on their historical commitments for climate finance, especially stressing the urgency of increasing funds for adaptation measures in vulnerable developing nations. The nation highlighted progress on the Global Goal on Adaptation as a critical recognition of these disproportionate needs.

Addressing Trade-Restrictive Climate Measures

Raising concerns about unilateral trade-restrictive climate policies that disadvantage developing economies, India underscored these actions violate equity principles and called for multilateral cooperation to reverse such trends and preserve fair global trade.

Sustainable Development Commitment

Reiterating India’s commitment to a low-carbon development path, India recalled key achievements such as over 50% of installed power capacity coming from non-fossil sources and a 36% reduction in emission intensity between 2005 and 2020, aiming to meet net-zero emissions by 2070 as pledged at COP26.

Sources: Press Information Bureau, DD News, Tribune India, Al Jazeera, Indian Express.

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