Following the US government's notification of an additional 25% tariff on Indian exports, effectively doubling tariffs to 50%, textile manufacturing hubs in Tirupur, Noida, and Surat have reported halting production amid severe concerns over competitiveness and business viability. This development has sent shockwaves through one of India's most critical export sectors, highlighting the immediate economic fallout and urgent calls for government support.
Key Highlights of the Production Halt and Tariff Impact
The new 50% tariff regime on Indian goods entering the US market came into force on August 27, 2025, substantially raising costs for American importers.
Textile and apparel manufacturers in Tirupur (the knitwear capital), Noida, and Surat (diamond and textile hub) have ceased operations, citing eroded profit margins and declining orders.
Around 55% of India’s exports to the US, worth an estimated $47-48 billion, face competitive pricing disadvantages of 30-35%, risking substantial market share loss to countries like Vietnam, Bangladesh, Cambodia, and China.
Federation of Indian Export Organisations (FIEO) President S.C. Ralhan emphasized the urgent need for government intervention, including interest subvention schemes, export credit facilitation, and strategic diplomatic engagement with the US.
The tariffs threaten livelihoods in labor-intensive sectors such as textiles, gems and jewellery, leather, shrimp, ceramics, and handicrafts, with fears of widespread job losses.
Indian exporters are appealing for expedited trade diversification and fast-tracked free trade agreements (FTAs) with other global partners like the European Union, aiming to mitigate reliance on US markets.
Understanding the Tariff Origins and Implications
The tariffs were imposed as a punitive action linked to India’s continued purchase of discounted Russian crude oil amid Western sanctions against Russia. The US government views such trade relations as undermining sanction regimes and responded with sweeping tariff hikes. Products shipped before August 27 with proper documentation are temporarily exempt, but the full impact is now unfolding.
Industry-Wide Repercussions and Economic Consequences
The textile sector, accounting for 15% of India’s total exports and employing millions, faces unique vulnerabilities due to its labor-intensive nature and high exposure to the US market. Production halts translate into cascading effects on raw material suppliers, logistics operators, and ancillary industries. Similar distress is noted in the gems and jewellery segment, with Surat’s diamond business facing declining orders and considering shifts to countries with lower tariffs.
Government and Industry Responses
While the Ministry of Commerce and Industry has yet to release an official statement, industry bodies like FIEO and the Gem and Jewellery Export Promotion Council (GJEPC) have urged immediate financial assistance and policy support. Calls include duty drawbacks, reimbursement schemes covering the extra tariffs, and loan moratoriums to sustain MSMEs during this period.
Market Adaptation and Future Strategies
Exporters are recalibrating by focusing on new markets, investing in product diversification, enhancing manufacturing efficiency, and seeking government-backed incentive programs. The emphasis on “Make in India” and enhanced export promotion frameworks is seen as vital for resilience.
Conclusion: Navigating Through Tariff Turmoil
The imposition of steep tariffs by the US presents an unprecedented challenge to India’s textile units in Tirupur, Noida, and Surat. The sectors’ ability to weather the storm hinges on timely government aid, effective diplomatic engagement, and strategic market realignment to protect jobs and sustain the export economy.
Sources: Economic Times, Indian Express, Hindustan Times, Federation of Indian Export Organisations, Gem and Jewellery Export Promotion Council
